Spot hover and high speed capabilities of underwater vehicles are essential for ocean exploring, however, few vehicles have these ucsb gaucho blue two features.Moreover, the motion of underwater vehicles is prone to be affected by the unknown hydrodynamics.This paper presents a novel negative-buoyancy autonomous underwater vehicle equipped with tri-tilt-rotor to obtain these two features.A detailed mathematical model is derived, which is then decoupled to altitude and attitude subsystems.For controlling the underwater vehicle, an attitude error model is designed for the attitude subsystem, and an adaptive nonlinear controller is proposed for the read more attitude error model based on immersion and invariance methodology.
To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller, a three degrees of freedom (DOF) testbed is developed, and the performance of the controller is validated through a real-time experiment.